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Social Capital – The Strength of Work Communities in the Future of Work

Social capital has long been considered a key success factor for companies, but changes in working life are elevating it to an even more significant role. 

The social capital of a work community is built above all on shared responsibility, respectful interaction, and a collective will to achieve results. Social capital also emerges through a company’s external networks in the form of knowledge and resources that support business operations. 

Elo’s study on Social Capital

Elo’s report examines social capital from the perspectives of both employees and entrepreneurs. The data consists of responses from 239 small business owners to Elo’s 2025 survey, as well as employee survey data from Finnish SMEs collected by Elo in the same year. The employee experience sample covers responses from more than 18,000 employees. 

Using machine learning methods, the study provides new insights into the relationship between social capital and work ability, workflow fluency, resources that support business growth, and job satisfaction. 

Explore the research findings in more detail

Key Findings of the Study

  1.  In small and medium-sized enterprises where the experience of social capital is strong, 61% of employees give their workplace a recommendation score of 9 or 10. When the experience of social capital is below average, the share of recommenders drops to less than one-third.
  2. Work flow is rated better in companies where social capital is stronger than average.
  3. The proportion of employees who assess their work ability as poor is more than twice as high in workplaces where social capital is below average.
  4. Work engagement and confidence in the future are common among small business owners.
  5. Support provided by the network for competence development is associated with better work ability, stronger work engagement, and more positive views on company growth among small business owners.

The Importance of Social Capital Will Become Even More Pronounced in the Future

Competence development increasingly relies on interaction within the work community

The changing world of work and rapid technological development highlight the importance of continuous learning. Work communities also need active knowledge sharing between employees at different career stages to ensure that tacit knowledge transfers from one worker to another as demographic structures evolve.

Hybrid and remote work create new demands for leading workplace functioning, sense of community and community spirit

With the rise of remote work, developing workplace functioning and strengthening both the sense of community and community spirit, as well as ensuring smooth collaboration, have become even more important. Digital tools enable new ways of sharing information and staying connected, but they also emphasise the need to intentionally build and support these aspects.

The importance of networks has grown in a changing operating environment

Networks make it possible to cross organisational boundaries and draw on a broader base of knowledge and expertise. This is particularly important for a company’s ability to renew itself and identify new business opportunities.

Strengthening social capital is a way to promote employees’ work ability and improve company productivity.

 
An exceptionally extensive dataset (over 18,000 employee experiences) shows that Finnish small and medium-sized enterprises have a strong foundation of social capital to support growth and wellbeing. At the same time, there were notable differences in employee experiences across workplaces. 

In the future, it will be increasingly important to harness the power of social capital and respond to the need to develop it. Social capital is not only a resource for employees or individual companies, but one of the key factors in strengthening the competitiveness of Finnish working life. 
A diagram illustrating the impact of social capital on the employee experience

Entrepreneurs’ networks create the conditions for wellbeing and growth

Data from Elo’s entrepreneur survey shows that the support provided by networks is reflected in entrepreneurs’ wellbeing. In particular, support for competence development is associated with better work ability and higher work engagement. Networks are not only a resource that strengthens wellbeing but also a concrete enabler of growth: they help identify new opportunities, access resources and turn new ideas into practice within the company. It is increasingly important to support entrepreneurs’ networking and provide more tools to facilitate it.

Strengthening social capital is a way to promote employees’ work ability and improve company productivity.

 
A diagram illustrating the impact of social capital on a company's eNPS assessment.
A diagram illustrating the impact of social capital on the employee experience

Solutions for Strengthening Social Capital in On‑site and Hybrid Work

The perspectives presented in this report on strengthening social capital are designed to support supervisors, HR personnel and entrepreneurs. The solutions can be applied in both on‑site and hybrid work. 

The learning environment available to Elo’s client companies, along with the training provided by Elo, supports the application of these solutions in everyday workplace practices.

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